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generation ship
A generation ship, or generation starship, is a hypothetical type of interstellar ark starship that travels at sub-light speed.
Since such a ship might take centuries to thousands of years to reach even nearby stars, the original occupants of a generation ship would grow old and die, leaving their descendants to continue travelling.
== The beginning ==
The concept of a generation starship is a good example of how science and fiction influence each other. Many space scientists and engineers who contributed to the concept of a generation starship were also science fiction writers. The first written thoughts can be dated back to Robert H. Goddard, the rocket pioneer, who wrote "The Last Migration" (1918).〔 The maximum speed of generation starships was marked, in 1905, when Albert Einstein published his "Special theory of relativity" and defined the maximum speed in the universe to be the speed of light known as ''The Principle of Invariant Light Speed''.〕 In this manuscript he described the death of the Sun and the necessity of an "interstellar ark". The crew would face the centuries of travel by sleeping and would be awakened when they reach another star system. This concept is not the same as the generation starship concept because the crew is sleeping during its trip. The concept, as it is known today, was first published by Konstantin E. Tsiolkovsky father of the astronautic theory. He described in his essay, "The Future of Earth and Mankind" (1928), a space colony equipped with engines that travels thousands of years which he called "Noah's Ark". Neither of these two publications received sufficient publicity to gain widespread public awareness at the time.
John D. Bernals's essay was the first publication to reach the public and influence other writers. He wrote about the concept of human evolution and mankind's future in space through methods of living that we now describe as a generation starship, and which could be seen in the generic word "globes".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The World, the Flesh & the Devil - An Enquiry into the Future of the Three Enemies of the Rational Soul )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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